ENGLISH GRAMMAR
PART-1
Use of appropriate Preposition and Articles, Correction of sentences, Common Phrases, Synonyms & Antonyms
English Grammar Preposition
A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation with some other word in the sentence.
• He works hard in the hope of standing first.
• We met at night.
• The book is on the table.
• We stay at home during the holidays.
• I will be there by ten O’ clock.
• It has rained for three hours.
• He pointed to the tree.
In the above sentences, the italicised words in, at, on, by, for and to are prepositions. The nouns that come after them are called their objects. Thus, ‘hope’ is the object of ‘in’ : home is the object of at; holidays is the object of ‘during’. Ten’ is the object of by ; hours is the object of fof and tree is the object of to.
The Prepositions generally serve three important purposes :
(a) Indication of Time
(b) Indication of Place
(c) As a part of the Verb
The Preposition
(a) Indicating Time
Time is indicated mainly by at, on, in, during, by, and for.
1. At
(i) At is used for a point in time :
We shall meet at 6 O’clock.
He came at midnight.
Similarly, at dawn, at sunset, at the end, at the beginning etc. (uj At it used before festivals :
We have a holiday at Dewali.
Similarly, at Holi, at Christmas, at New year etc.
2. On
(i) On is used for a particular day, whether it is a date (e.g. 5 June, Feb. 14th), a day {e.g. Monday, or a special day in a year (e.g. Dewali Day, Holi Day etc).
I will come on your birthday.
They go to church on Sunday.
(ii) On is used for a particular part of such days as described above.
I will come on the night of 10th July.
We will meet on Friday afternoon.
3. In
(i) In is used before a period of time : in the winter, in July, in the year 2005, in the morning, in the evening.
I first met him in 2005.
Cricket is played in India in winter.
(ii) In is also used to show the total length of time taken to complete an activity or operation.
This train will get you from Delhi to Chandigarh in four hours.
4. During
When an action or a situation continues for sometime, during is used before that specified period.
We enjoyed ourselves during the vacation.
People work during the day.
5. By
(i) By is used to denote the ultimate point by which something was or is to be completed.
I have to complete the work by Monday.
The applications should reach by 14 February.
(ii) By is used with day and night where it means during.
He travelled by day and slept by night.
6. For
For is used before a time phrase to denote that so much time has passed during which an action or a situation continued.
I have not seen him for two years.
We waited for an hour but he didn’t turn up.
Important Points
(i) The prepositions at, on and in are not used if the noun giving time has an adjective with it.
He met me last Sunday.
We will come again next Dewali.
We go for a walk eveiy morning.
I will be twenty next June.
(ii) Yesterday, today and tomorrow do not take a preposition.
I will come again tomorrow.
You met me yesterday.
He is arriving today.
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